Ho Chi Minh (1890-1969) was a Vietnamese revolutionary leader who founded the Democratic Republic of Vietnam and led the Vietnamese independence movement for much of the twentieth century. After decades spent organizing abroad and helping found the Indochinese Communist Party, he declared Vietnamese independence from French colonial rule in 1945 and led North Vietnam as its president from 1945 until his death in 1969, with an interruption during renewed French rule of parts of the country. Under his leadership Vietnamese forces defeated France at the Battle of Dien Bien Phu in 1954, ending French colonial control of Indochina, and the conflict he had led then continued as war between North Vietnam and the United States-backed South, a war that did not end until several years after his death. He remains a foundational figure in modern Vietnamese national identity.
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