Slovakia is a landlocked country in Central Europe with a population exceeding 5.4 million across roughly 49,000 square kilometers, with Bratislava as its capital and Kosice its second-largest city. Its history runs from Slavic settlement in the fifth and sixth centuries through the Avar Khaganate and Great Moravia, followed by centuries under Hungarian and Ottoman-adjacent rule and incorporation into Czechoslovakia after the First World War; following communist rule and the Velvet Revolution of 1989, Slovakia became an independent democratic state on 1 January 1993. Today it is a developed nation with an advanced high-income economy offering universal health care and free education, and it belongs to the European Union, NATO and the Schengen Area. Slovakia is the world's largest per-capita car producer, with automotive manufacturing making up 44 percent of industrial output, and it hosts eight UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
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