Romania is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Central and Southeastern Europe, bordered by Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, Moldova and the Black Sea, with Bucharest as its capital, largest city and economic center. Its modern state emerged in 1859 through the unification of Moldavia and Wallachia under Alexandru Ioan Cuza, becoming the Kingdom of Romania in 1881; after the First World War it incorporated Transylvania, Banat, Bukovina and Bessarabia, reaching its greatest territorial extent as Greater Romania. Covering 238,397 square kilometers, the twelfth largest country in Europe by area, Romania has a population of about 19 million, making it the sixth most populous European Union member state, and it belongs to NATO, the EU and the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation. The country is classified today as a developed, high income economy and holds several UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
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