Kingdom of Macedon

The Kingdom of Macedon was an ancient Greek state that existed from around the seventh century BC until 168 BC, with a brief revival from 150 to 148 BC, ruled first from the city of Aigai and after 399 BC from Pella. Its most significant monarchs were Philip II, who reigned from 359 to 336 BC and subdued mainland Greece through a mixture of military force and diplomacy, and his son Alexander the Great, who reigned from 336 to 323 BC. Alexander overthrew the Achaemenid Empire and conquered territory stretching as far as the Indus River, briefly making Macedon the center of the most powerful empire of its time and inaugurating the Hellenistic period across Greece, Asia Minor, the Levant, Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia and parts of Central and South Asia. The Macedonian monarchy was abolished in 168 BC after Rome's victory in the Third Macedonian War, and a brief revival from 150 to 148 BC ended with Macedon's annexation as the Roman province of Macedonia; the wider Hellenistic world it once dominated persisted for a time in the successor Seleucid Empire, Ptolemaic Kingdom and Attalid kingdom.