Kenya

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa bordered by South Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Tanzania and Uganda along Lake Victoria, with an estimated population of more than 54.2 million as of mid-2026 and Nairobi as its capital and largest city, followed by the port city of Mombasa. Kenya's earliest inhabitants included some of the first humans to evolve from ancestral members of the genus Homo, with fossil evidence found at Koobi Fora; Cushitic speakers settled the lowlands between roughly 3,200 and 1,300 BC, Nilotic pastoralists arrived from present-day South Sudan around 500 BC, and Bantu peoples settled the coast and interior between 250 BC and 500 AD. European contact began with the Portuguese in 1500, and effective colonization began in the nineteenth century, producing the British East Africa Protectorate established in 1895 and the subsequent Kenya Colony from 1920; disputes with Britain led to the Mau Mau revolution beginning in 1952 and the declaration of independence in 1963, after which Kenya remained a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. Kenya is a presidential representative democratic republic and the largest economy in East and Central Africa, a lower-middle-income economy with a per-capita gross national income of 2,110 dollars, in which agriculture, led by tea and coffee, remains the largest sector alongside a growing tourism-driven service industry.